diverge · Ideation, Problem Solving · 60–120 min · 3-12 people · medium energy

Hierarchical Card Sorting (HCS)

Hierarchical Card Sorting is a participatory method that helps uncover how people categorize and rank different concepts or ideas. It's effective for understanding diverse perspectives and establishing shared priorities within a group.

When to use Hierarchical Card Sorting (HCS)

Use this method when you need to understand how different stakeholders perceive and prioritize various aspects of a complex issue, especially when seeking to build consensus around evaluation criteria.

What it solves

Differing mental models preventing shared understanding, difficulty prioritizing diverse perspectives.

How to run Hierarchical Card Sorting (HCS), step by step

  1. Prepare cards with key concepts or criteria written on each. (15 min)
  2. Participants individually sort cards into categories that make sense to them. (20 min)
  3. Participants name each category they created. (10 min)
  4. As a group, combine individual sorts into a shared hierarchy, discussing and resolving differences. (45 min)
  5. Document the final hierarchy and discuss its implications for evaluation criteria. (10 min)

Materials needed

  • Index cards
  • Markers
  • Large paper or whiteboard
  • Tape (optional)
  • Virtual whiteboard tool (for hybrid)

Facilitator tips

  • Encourage participants to explain their reasoning behind their groupings.
  • Be prepared to facilitate discussions and help the group reach consensus.

Common pitfalls

  • Participants getting stuck on minor details. Keep the focus on the overall structure.
  • Dominant voices overshadowing others. Ensure everyone has a chance to contribute.

Variations

  • Use different colored cards to represent different stakeholder groups.
  • Conduct individual sorts followed by a whole-group sort.

Running it online or hybrid

Use a virtual whiteboard tool like Miro or Mural to create and manipulate cards. Ensure participants have clear instructions on how to drag and drop cards.

What it produces

A visual map showing how participants categorize and rank different concepts, revealing underlying relationships and priorities.

Origin

Adapted from BetterEvaluation.org — source

Build a session around Hierarchical Card Sorting (HCS)

METODIC places Hierarchical Card Sorting (HCS) inside a complete, timed session plan — agenda, worksheets, facilitator guide and slides — matched to your group and goal.

Generate a session with Hierarchical Card Sorting (HCS) · Try METODIC free