explore · Discussion, Critical Thinking, Observation · 15–25 min · 2-40 people · low energy

What Makes You Say That?

This routine encourages participants to move beyond surface-level observations and delve into deeper interpretations. It fosters evidence-based reasoning and thoughtful discussion by prompting individuals to connect their observations to their inferences.

When to use What Makes You Say That?

Use this method when you want to encourage deeper analysis of a text, image, data set, or situation. It's particularly useful when exploring complex topics or when you want to foster a culture of evidence-based reasoning within a group.

What it solves

Superficial analysis, jumping to conclusions without evidence, lack of critical thinking.

How to run What Makes You Say That?, step by step

  1. Present the stimulus (image, text, data) to the group. (2 minutes)
  2. Ask participants to individually observe and note down what they see. (5 minutes)
  3. In small groups or as a whole group, have participants share their observations. (5 minutes)
  4. For each observation, ask 'What makes you say that?' to prompt interpretation and reasoning. Record these interpretations alongside the observations. (8 minutes)
  5. Facilitate a discussion to synthesize the observations and interpretations. (5 minutes)

Materials needed

  • The stimulus (image, text, data)
  • Paper or digital document for notes
  • Pens/Pencils
  • Whiteboard or virtual equivalent

Facilitator tips

  • Encourage participants to be specific in their observations.
  • Remind participants that there are no right or wrong answers, only different interpretations.

Common pitfalls

  • Participants may struggle to move beyond surface-level observations. Prompt them with guiding questions.
  • Some participants may dominate the discussion. Ensure everyone has a chance to share.

Variations

  • Use different types of stimuli (audio, video, physical objects).
  • Have participants write down their interpretations before sharing them verbally.

Running it online or hybrid

Use a shared online whiteboard like Miro or Mural for recording observations and interpretations. Encourage participants to use the chat function for initial individual reflections before sharing verbally.

What it produces

A collection of observations and reasoned interpretations related to the subject matter.

Origin

From Project Zero's Visible Thinking Routines — source

Build a session around What Makes You Say That?

METODIC places What Makes You Say That? inside a complete, timed session plan — agenda, worksheets, facilitator guide and slides — matched to your group and goal.

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