Macro-Design · Applicable to all session lengths, from 1-hour modules to full-semester courses.

SAMR Model

The SAMR Model is a four-tiered framework used to assess and guide the integration of technology into learning experiences. It categorizes technology use into two distinct stages: Enhancement (Substitution and Augmentation) and Transformation (Modification and Redefinition).

When to use SAMR Model

This framework is most effective during the digital transformation of a curriculum, when selecting new educational technology tools, or when auditing the effectiveness of current technology use in a learning environment.

How SAMR Model works

Instructional designers can use SAMR as a rubric to evaluate existing lesson plans and identify opportunities to move from simple digital replacement to transformative learning experiences. Facilitators can use it to challenge learners to use technology for tasks that were previously inconceivable without digital tools.

Phases of SAMR Model

  1. Substitution
  2. Augmentation
  3. Modification
  4. Redefinition

Key principles

  • Enhancement vs. Transformation: Distinguishing between technology that improves a task and technology that fundamentally changes it.
  • Functional Improvement: Moving beyond direct substitution to leverage specific digital features that add value.
  • Task Redesign: Using technology to significantly alter the nature and scope of the learning activity.
  • Creation of New Tasks: Aiming for the 'Redefinition' stage where technology allows for learning activities that were impossible in an analog format.

Best for

  • Technology integration
  • Digital pedagogy
  • Curriculum redesign
  • EdTech evaluation

Considerations

  • Higher levels are not always superior; the level of integration should align with the specific learning objectives.
  • The model focuses on the task and the learner's experience rather than the specific features of the hardware or software.
  • Moving to 'Transformation' levels often requires a shift in teaching philosophy, not just a change in tools.

Attribution & sources

Developed by Dr. Ruben Puentedura, 2010

Primary source

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