Strategy · advanced · 60 min

Theory of Change

Develop a visual representation of how a strategic initiative will lead to desired outcomes and impact, outlining the necessary inputs, activities, outputs, and outcomes.

What participants gain

  • Participants will be able to define the desired impact of a strategic initiative.
  • Participants will be able to identify the necessary inputs, activities, outputs, and outcomes.
  • Participants will be able to develop a visual representation of the theory of change.
  • Participants will be able to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategic initiative.

Materials needed

  • Whiteboard or flip chart
  • Markers (different colors)
  • Printed Theory of Change template
  • Post-it notes (optional)
  • Timer app

How to run Theory of Change, step by step

  1. 1. Introduce the Theory of Change framework and explain each stage: Inputs, Activities, Outputs, Outcomes, Impact.
  2. 2. Start by defining the desired impact of the strategic initiative.
  3. 3. Identify the outcomes that are necessary to achieve the desired impact.
  4. 4. Identify the outputs that will lead to the desired outcomes.
  5. 5. Identify the activities that will produce the desired outputs.
  6. 6. Identify the inputs that are necessary to carry out the activities.
  7. 7. Create a visual representation of the theory of change, showing the relationships between each stage.
  8. 8. Identify measurable indicators for each outcome to track progress and evaluate effectiveness.

Facilitator tips

  • Start with the desired impact and work backwards.
  • Clearly define each stage of the theory of change.
  • Identify measurable indicators for each outcome.
  • Engage stakeholders in the development process.

Common challenges

  • Difficulty defining measurable outcomes - Focus on specific, observable changes.
  • Overly ambitious or unrealistic goals - Ensure that the goals are achievable within the given timeframe.
  • Lack of stakeholder engagement - Involve relevant stakeholders in the development process to ensure buy-in.

Running it virtually

Use a virtual whiteboard tool like Miro or Mural. Create a Theory of Change template and allow participants to collaborate in real-time to build the diagram.

Expected results

A clear and visual representation of how the strategic initiative will lead to desired outcomes and impact, providing a roadmap for implementation and evaluation.

Build a session around Theory of Change

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